Why is the initial consultation so important free essay sample

At the point when a customer visits a trance inducer just because, the specialist will start with an underlying interview. Most advisors will offer a free starting conference, normally enduring around 30 minutes. Generally no hypnotherapy happens right now, it is only a reality discovering meeting for both. This first gathering is critical for various reasons. The customer needs to feel great in their environmental factors, and the underlying interview is the point at which the advisor will find out whether the customer has past involvement in treatment and clarify precisely what will occur over the span of treatment to mollify any nerves that the customer may have. The connection between a customer and an advisor is based on trust and trustworthiness so the primary gathering is a chance to manufacture compatibility between the customer and specialist and guarantee that the two gatherings are open to working with one another. We will compose a custom paper test on For what reason is the underlying counsel so significant? or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The explanation that trance inducers frequently offer a free starting conference is this is the time that they discover why the customer has wanted treatment. In the National Hypnotherapy Society Code of Ethics it expresses that specialists just offer types of assistance to the customers where they are able to do as such. On the off chance that an advisor accepts that they are not able to convey the treatment for the customer then this is the point at which they will discover this and where fitting allude the customer to another specialist or clinical expert who might offer appropriate treatment. In the event that you have charged a customer for this first meeting in any case, at that point you can't support them and allude them on then this may give your training a terrible notoriety. It is likewise basic that the specialist builds up in the event that they know the customer in any capacity or if there are any associations between the advisor and the customer. This is known as a ‘dual relationship’. This is depicted in the Code of Ethics: ‘Dual connections emerge when the expert has at least two sorts of relationship simultaneously with the customer, for instance customer and student, companion and customer, partner and supervisee’. These connections can be unfavorable to the treatment henceforth why it is so imperative to determine this in an underlying conference. For instance, the advisor may find that they know a client’s guardians and this may cause the customer to feel awkward which will influence the therapist’s capacity to construct compatibility and trust. Another factor that must be tended to in the underlying interview is the client’s clinical history. The advisor must check if the customer is taking any sort of medicine giving specific consideration to hostile to maniacal or stimulant drug. Mesmerizing is once in a while utilized with patients with serious bipolar full of feeling issue or maniacal patients. Dysfunctional behavior is amazingly mind boggling and the advisor must not treat individuals who have or have had a psychosis. These patients experience difficulty taking part in mesmerizing and furthermore reassuring these patients to concentrate on their considerations, sentiments and requesting that they envision certain situations may demonstrate counter-gainful given their perspective. This is the reason it is additionally imperative to get the customers GP subtleties during this underlying interview; on the off chance that the customer is hesitant to offer this to the specialist, at that point the advisor ought to continue with alert. Trance inducers are not prepared to analyze a psychosis so if a customer has a background marked by dysfunctional behavior or is on mental prescription then the advisor must have a doctor’s composed agree to treat the customer and this note must express the customer isn't insane. This is another motivation behind why the specialist must get the GP name of the customer, particularly on the off chance that they are dubious that the customer is intellectually sick or has a past filled with psychological sickness. The Code of Ethics expresses the underlying discussion ought to consistently be directed eye to eye and by no other medium, for example, phone or even Skype (under Client Welfare, point 7). This is significant when contemplating a client’s conduct. As talked about here, it is vital that you determine if a customer is insane and a person’s conduct can assist with building up this. For instance if a customer pulls back when conversing with you and loses fixation effectively this can be an indication of a psychosis. In the event that a customer wants hypnotherapy for a state of being on the off chance that they have not effectively done so the advisor ought to encourage the customer to contact a clinical expert for a finding. Advisors can't analyze a state of being except if they have the significant clinical preparing. This will be set up during the underlying interview. In the event that the customer doesn't have a proper determination it is the obligation of the advisor to encourage the customer to get a conventional analysis before they will treat them. One of the fundamental reasons for the underlying acceptance is to set up the customer for hypnotherapy. All things considered, the customer won't have a reasonable comprehension of the idea of the treatment or the sort of experience they will have. Normally for a greater part of individuals when they hear the word trance they invoke pictures of stage mesmerizing and individuals going around a phase clacking like a chickenâ or apparently being compelled to get things done out of their control for diversion purposes. It is significant that the advisor relieves any tensions or confusions that the customer may have of what hypnotherapy involves. It is significant that the customer comprehends what an entrancing state is with the goal that they know about what will occur during the treatment. Additionally, there is a typical misguided judgment that trance ‘knocks you out’ and you are oblivious and won't recollect what has occurred during the mesmerizing. Another normal conviction is that the customer will have no way out on how they act during the meeting. The advisor must illuminate the customer that they will be cognizant and in charge during the meeting. The customer may likewise stress that they have no power over what they state during trance and might fear uncovering something that they don’t need to. The advisor must educate the customer that they will be in charge and furthermore make them mindful that the handiness of the treatment relies upon their ability to take part and proceed all the while. Individuals regularly use hypnotherapy if all else fails for a difficult they have had for a significant stretch of time and they will desire this treatment with a ton of uneasiness and uncertainty likely. It is the dread of the obscure, normally this makes an individual on edge and it is the activity of the advisor to mollify these tensions which is a basic piece of the underlying interview. While the advisor converses with the customer and sets up why they have wanted treatment and what their feelings of trepidation and nerves encompassing the treatment might be this is time that the specialist will start to fabricate compatibility. As recently expressed, the connection between the customer and specialist will be based on trust and classification and all together for the customer to completely take part in the treatment it is fundamental that they trust the advisor. It is significant that the customer comprehends the procedures associated with this relationship pushing ahead so it is fundamental that the advisor clarifies that anything that they talk about is carefully classified and a secrecy understanding will be marked by both the customer and specialist to affirm this. This understanding can be toward the finish of your underlying counsel structure, which frames the start of your ‘Notation Form’. This structure can be rounded out during the underlying interview at that point given to the customer toward the finish of the counsel to peruse and guarantee that they have comprehended what has been talked about. This structure will likewise affirm the cost for the treatment, installment directions, crossing out charges or charges if a customer doesn't turn up for an arrangement, alongside the secrecy understanding. The specialist should likewise clarify that there are sure conditions and conditions where the substance of the meeting will never again be private, for example, on the off chance that you dread they may hurt themselves or another person or if there is any motivation to accept any type of kid misuse or disregard. This structure ought to be marked by the two gatherings toward the finish of the underlying meeting. The wording on this structure ought to be clear and straightforward and doesn't confine the legal privileges of the customer. A few specialists likewise prefer to utilize the underlying interview to play out a preliminary acceptance to evaluate a client’s inclination for entrancing. Just as evaluating this, in the event that some degree of stupor is accomplished during this enlistment, at that point this can likewise assist with alleviating a portion of the client’s uneasiness and dread of mesmerizing. Likewise if the specialist is placing a customer in to a casual express this can help a customer who is feeling on edge or discouraged and urge them to proceed with this strategy for treatment. They will leave the meeting feeling progressively cheerful and positive of hypnotherapy as a treatment. During the underlying discussion a specialist will likewise evaluate the client’s character so as to choose what kind of tirade would be suitable for them during treatment. This can be surveyed utilizing a tirade poll, for example, the Chrysalis Client Screed Assessment which centers around a client’s appearance, character and conduct so as to evaluate which sort of tirade would be suitable for the customer. In the event that a customer is sensible and diagnostic and very immediate and logical in their perspectives I. e. there are no ill defined situations in what they think, at that point they are substantially more prone to react to a tyrant kind of tirade where the customer isn't given decisions, the tirade is very direct and they depend on the customer remaining in charge. The specialist will utilize di

Romeo and Juliet Act 3 Scene 5 Free Essays

Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet are from two noticeable and quarreling families who live in the city of Verona, a genuine city in northern Italy. To the extent the crowd know, they are their parents’ just posterity, the main other ‘children’ in the family are Benvolio and Tybalt, cousins to Romeo and Juliet separately. As just youngsters, their folks are normally defensive of them †Juliet’s father, particularly. We will compose a custom article test on Romeo and Juliet Act 3 Scene 5 or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now Towards the start of the play, in Act 1, Scene 2, Paris approaches Capulet for authorization to wed his little girl. In Elizabethan occasions (when the play was composed and performed), it was the activity of the dad to part with the little girl, as though she were a present or his property, as opposed to her own individual. Instead of simply part with his girl to Paris, a youthful aristocrat, brother to the ruler, and somebody who might be viewed as a ‘good catch’ for a spouse, he lets him know: ‘But going o’er what I have said previously, My kid is yet an outsider on the planet, She hath not seen the difference in fourteen years, Let two additional summers wilt in their pride, Ere we may think her ready to be a bride’ From this discourse Capulet is defensive of his little girl, and while he needs her to wed a fine man (she advises Paris to return two years), he doesn’t need her to grow up too rapidly. Doubtlessly he has her eventual benefits on the most fundamental level. In the accompanying scene, we first observe the connections among Juliet and her medical caretaker and mother. Her mom appears to be to some degree withdrawn from her little girl, requesting that the attendant find her†¦ (‘Nurse, where’s my little girl? Call her forward to me’) and doesn’t appear to have the option to converse with her little girl, other than through the medical caretaker or in her quality ‘This is the matter:â€Nurse, give leave some time, We should talk in secret:â€nurse, return once more; I have remember’d me, thou’s hear our advice. Thou know’st my daughter’s of a pretty age.. ’ However, she appears to have some thought for her daughter’s sentiments and wishes, as she solicits her what she thinks from wedding the aristocrat, and to begin pondering marriage; she additionally gives her discourse somewhat more close to home by placing in her very own portion understanding (that she was a mother at the age her girl presently is): ‘Well, consider marriage now; more youthful than you, Here in Verona, women of regard, Are made as of now moms: by my ount, I was your mom much upon these years’ Whereas Juliet appears to regard her mom (first alluding to her as ‘Madam’ instead of, maybe, mum or Mother), she is by all accounts more calm conversing with her medical attendant . No doubt Juliet and her medical attendant have consistently been close†¦ even to the point of the medical caretaker assuming control over the customary mother’s employment of breastfeedi ng her kid. She makes a reference to this in a similar scene: ‘And she was wean’d,â€I never will overlook it,â€Of all the times of the year, upon that day: For I had then laid wormwood to my dug,’†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœWhen it tasted the wormwood on the areola Of my burrowed and felt it unpleasant, pretty numb-skull, To see it hot tempered and drop out with the burrowed! ’ Above, the medical attendant talks of breastfeeding Juliet. This is, obviously, exceptionally surprising these days, however not exactly unbelievable in Elizabethan occasions. The affectionate design where the medical caretaker recollects this, in any case, appear to demonstrate that Juliet and the attendant have a solid relationship. The way that she was bosom taken care of by her attendant instead of her natural mother indicates that maybe the medical caretaker was (and is? ) all the more a mother to her than Lady Capulet. The medical caretaker likewise appears to be more amicable than Lady Capulet †by making statements, for example, ‘Amen, youngster! Woman, such a man as all the world †why, he’s a man of wax’ and‘ Go, young lady, look for cheerful evenings to glad days’, she is by all accounts more amped up for Paris’s suggestion than Lady Capulet. Act 3, scene 5 here and there appears to be a contorted impression of Act 1, scenes 2 and 3. Capulet has orchestrated to wed Juliet off to Paris, and by and by it is Lady Capulet that has the activity of advising her. Be that as it may, the Capulets’ positions on Juliet with respect to marriage have changed. Rather than needing to shield his girl from an early marriage, Capulet is presently the one attempting to surge her into it. Moreover, her mom, as opposed to approaching Juliet for her musings on the issue, is mentioning to her what is Going to occur. Juliet has quite recently gone through her wedding night with her cherished and now spouse, Romeo. He has been ousted to the city of Mantua for avenging the homicide of his companion Mercutio. The scene begins on very tense grounds, as Juliet has nearly been gotten with her darling, who is a sworn adversary of her family and faces execution whenever found in Verona. Basically Romeo being in the house is sufficient to make some pressure †that Juliet is crying elevates this strain. Juliet’s mother demonstrates herself to be somewhat inhumane by adequately disclosing to her girl that crying isn’t going to bring anybody back, and that it demonstrates her to be somewhat inept: ‘Therefore, have done: some misery shows quite a bit of love;But a lot of pain shows still some need of mind. Woman Capulet then gives her numbness of Juliet’s marriage and affections for Romeo by advising Juliet not to sob for Tybalt’s demise, yet that Romeo lives. Romeo is alluded to as the ‘villain’ a few times †this adds accentuation to the way that the Capulets consider Romeo to be a terrible individual. Juliet murmurs, aside to the crowd, that she accepts that Romeo and ‘villain’ are ‘many miles asunder’. This affirms to the crowd that Juliet and her mom have restricting perspectives. Woman Capulet keeps, considering Romeo a ‘traitor murderer’ and takes steps to send somebody to Mantua to kill Romeo. The crowd would prefer not to see Romeo be killed, since they can perceive how enamored he and Juliet are. Shakespeare then cunningly makes a discourse for Juliet that has double significance. ‘Indeed, I never will be happy With Romeo, till I observe himâ€dead†Is my poor heart for a brother vex’d. Madam, on the off chance that you could discover yet a manTo bear a toxic substance, I would temper it;That Romeo should, upon receipt thereof,Soon snooze calm. O, how my heart loathes To hear him named, and can't come to him. To unleash the affection I bore my cousin Upon his body that slaughter’d him! ’ The accentuation toward the start can be changed to sound distinctively to the crowd than Lady Capulet would hear it. It could be perused ‘Indeed, I never will be happy with Romeo, till I see him, dead †[dead] is my poor heart for a brother vex’d’,where the brother is the butchered Tybalt†¦ or ‘Indeed, I never will be happy with Romeo, till I observe him. Dead is my poor heart†¦a brother vex’d’†¦ where Romeo isn’t dead, only a brother (spouse) vexed (in trouble). She says that on the off chance that she could discover a toxin that would let Romeo ‘sleep in quiet’, she would temper it. Though Lady Capulet would consider this to be her little girl needing to harm Romeo and slaughter him, the crowd may accept it as her needing to take Romeo’s inconveniences (I. e. their division) away with the goal that he can rest calmly around evening time. Progressively perceptive individuals from the crowd may likewise interface this to the completion of the play, where Juliet briefly harms herself with an end goal to take care of her and Romeo’s issues. When Juliet says that her ‘heart severely dislikes to hear him named, and can't come to him. To unleash the affection [she] bore [her] cousin upon his body that slaughter’d him’, her mom accepts this as not having the option to lay her hands upon him†¦ yet the crowd clearly understands that she implies that it harms her to hear his name and not have the option to be with him†¦ maybe even to get sexual satisfaction out of him. The crowds likely could be stunned by these desires that are well past her years †recall that she is just 13. The pressure now would work, as Juliet is playing a risky game by playing with her words this way. The sign that Juliet needs to ‘wreak her adoration upon him’ may likewise have been very shocking†¦ crowds of the time would not have been so presented to such conspicuous references to sins of the tissue. At the point when Lady Capulet proclaims that Juliet’s father has masterminded a marriage for her in a couple of days, the crowd may feel a speedy dropping sensation in their stomachs †for they realize that Juliet is as of now wedded †and in this way can't wed Paris †and that this implies the mystery marriage among Juliet and her Romeo might be found. She likewise by and by gives her numbness of Juliet’s genuine emotions by being under the feeling that the marriage will perk Juliet up †not aggravate her issues. She utilizes reiteration of the word ‘joy’ here to underscore what she presumes Juliet ought to feel. Juliet strikes back by saying: ‘Now, by Saint Peter’s Church and Peter as well, He will not make me there a blissful lady of the hour. I wonder at this scramble; I should marry Ere he, that ought to be spouse, comes to charm. I supplicate you, tell my ruler and father, madam, I won't wed at this point; and, when I do, I swear, It will be Romeo, whom you realize I abhor, Rather than Paris. These are news in fact! ’ Juliet depends on Saint Peters Church and Peter too’ †Elizabethan crowd wouldfind this irreverent and stunning. She additionally tosses her mother’s term ‘a joyfulbride’ bac

Distinctively Visual Images free essay sample

The manner by which we shape our significance and view of a book is controlled by the unmistakably visual pictures and methods utilized by an author to draw in us in the circumstance and accordingly transport us to a specific time and spot. We will compose a custom article test on Unmistakably Visual Images or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Henry Lawson makes this undeniable in the content, The Loaded Dog through making relatable, particularly visual pictures of mateship and silliness to assist us with understanding the requirement for interruptions to persevere through the unforgiving Australian outback. Lawson utilizes progressively serious pictures in The Drovers Wife to illustrate the battle to get by in the disengaged Australian Bush. Alternately, Picasso’s Guernica marches a crude picture of the damaging tendency and dread of the Spanish common war, upgrading our present information by giving knowledge into the repercussions of fighting. Using unmistakably visual, Lawson and Picasso viably draw in the crowd to ship them to the Australian shrub in the late 1800s and the Spanish common war, impacting the importance and observation made by the peruser according to each time and spot. Unmistakably visual is made by arrangers using different language gadgets so as to ship the crowd into some other time and spot by permitting the peruser to inundate themselves into the accounts to comprehend the genuine sentiments and feelings of the characters. In The Loaded Dog Lawson connects with the crowd by utilizing humor by comparing the sentiments of Tommy the Dog and the three hedge society despite affliction. This is uncovered through the embodiment of Tommy â€Å"smiling his broadest, longest and reddest grin of amiability† uncovering the complexity between the dread felt by the three men while Tommy is unconscious of the fast approaching risk. Moreover, Lawson utilizes scornful funniness by portraying Tommy with a mocking look as though he was going to unstably drop the cartridge, an activity that was not seen as silly by Jim who advised Tommy to leave. This strategy has a double motivation behind drawing in the crowd with humor while passing on the feeling of the risk present. Therefore, the relatability of the amusingness gives us a more noteworthy feeling of contribution in the story, moving us into the Australian outback during this time. In The Drovers Wife, Lawson makes a particularly visual portrayal of the battle of the female hero and her youngsters to get by in the cruelty and merciless segregation of the Australian shrub. The crowd is welcome to take an interest in the story from visual language strategies in which illustrate the characters understanding. For instance the symbolism â€Å"ragged evaporated looking youngsters/emaciated sun earthy colored woman† passes on the hero and the kids as right around an expansion of the scene, depicting that in spite of their battle they won't surrender trust. Lawson utilizes similar sounding word usage to depict the Drovers wife’s house â€Å"no undergrowth, nothing to calm the eye/nineteen miles to the closest indication of civilisation†, this accentuation the confinement of the drovers spouse, and her estrangement from the remainder of the world. In addition, Lawson utilizes juxtaposition â€Å"thunder rolls and downpour comes in deluge/the dry season of eighteen vestiges him† additionally uncovers the brutal erratic Australian outback way of life, bringing up the issue: how might anyone be able to potentially live in such an unforgiving situation? It is the utilization of visual symbolism that transports us into the brutal Australian outback of the 1800s by shaping new knowledge into the characters and their encounters. On the other hand Picasso’s Guernica benefits us away from the topic Lawson passes on and transports us to the unforgiving abhorrences and disaster of the Spanish common war. This is improved by Picasso’s decision of shading plan, by which makes a clear image of the artistic creation, ‘the dim debris of death’. The obvious, monochromatic shading plan further vehicles the crowd to some other time and spot by giving the artistic creation an impression of a paper photograph, uncovering legitimacy and a feeling of brutal authenticity. Also Picasso’s utilization of dim sensational symbolism of the lady on the correct hand side with her open mouth and head tossed back with dismay improves the results of fighting while showing an aural component. This shows the impact of the flying assault, where represents the torment and repulsiveness of the victims from the shelling. Picasso’s painting depicts the awfulness and repugnance of the repercussions of the Spanish common fighting where as Lawson’s messages viably pass on how silliness, perseverance and strength are huge to ones endurance in a detached, dreary Australian outback. Similarly the two authors successfully pass on significant messages to our humankind. Lawson’s, The Loaded Dog and The Drover’s Wife and Picasso’s Guernica uncover the manner by which writers can viably utilize unmistakably visual to ship us into some other time and spot through drawing in the crowd with language gadgets, for example, symbolism, diversion and feeling. These methods welcome the peruser to take an interest in the experience of the characters and consequently better shape translation of the importance of the writings.

Losing the Dark

Losing the Dark Have you at any point known about light contamination? Its the abuse of light around evening time. About everybody on Earth has encountered it. Urban areas are washed in light, yet lights additionally infringe on the wild and rustic scenes also. An investigation of light contamination around the globe made in 2016 indicated that in any event 33% of individuals on Earth have skies that are so light-dirtied they cannot see the Milky Way from their locations.â One of the most bewildering disclosures the space travelers on the International Space Station share with us is the far reaching light contamination that covers our scenes with the yellowish-white shine of lights. Indeed, even adrift, angling vessels, big haulers, and different ships light up the darkness.â The Effects of Light Pollution On account of light contamination, our dim skies are vanishing. This is on the grounds that lights on homes andâ businesses are sending light up to the sky. In numerous spots, everything except the most splendid stars are cleaned out by the glare of lights. Not exclusively is this essentially off-base, yet it additionally costs cash. Sparkling them UP to the sky to light the stars squanders power and the vitality sources (principally petroleum products) we have to make electrical power.â As of late, clinical science has additionally investigated the connection between light contamination and an excess of light around evening time. The outcomes show that human wellbeing and untamed life are being hurt by the glare of lights during the evening time hours. Late examinations have connected presentation to an excessive amount of light around evening time to a few genuine infections, including bosom malignancy and prostate disease. Furthermore, the glare of light contamination meddles with a people capacity to rest, which has other wellbeing results. Different examinations show that the glare of lights around evening time, especially on city roads, can bring about mishaps for the two drivers and walkers blinded by the light of electronic bulletins and superbright headlights on different vehicles. In numerous regions, light contamination is adding to appalling loss of untamed life living space, meddling with winged animal movements and influencing propagation of numerous species. This has decreased a few populaces of natural life and compromises others.â For space experts, light contamination is a disaster. Regardless of whether you are a starting onlooker or an accomplished proficient, an excessive amount of light around evening time cleans out the perspective on stars and cosmic systems. In numerous spots on our planet, individuals have seldom observed the Milky Wayâ in their night skies. What Can All of us Do to Prevent Light Pollution? Obviously, we as a whole realize that lighting is required in certain spots around evening time for wellbeing and security. Nobody is stating to kill ALL the lights. To take care of the issues brought about by light contamination, smartâ people in industry and science examine have been considering approaches to have our security yet additionally dispense with the misuse of light and power.â The arrangement theyve concoct sounds basic: to learn appropriate approaches to utilize lighting. These incorporate lighting places that lone need brightening around evening time. Individuals can decrease a LOT of light contamination by sparkling lights DOWN to the spots where they are required. Also, in certain spots, if light isnt required, we CAN basically turn them off. Much of the time, appropriate lighting not just jelly wellbeing and diminishes the mischief to our wellbeing and to untamed life, yet it likewise sets aside cash in lower electrical bills and brings down the utilization of non-renewable energy sources for power.â We CAN have dim skies and safe lighting. Become familiar with what YOU can do to light securely and lessen light contamination from the International Dark Sky Association, one of the universes preeminent gatherings trying to comprehend light contamination issues and safeguard wellbeing and personal satisfaction. The gathering has numerous valuable assets for city organizers, and both urban and nation occupants keen on decreasing the glare of lights around evening time. They additionally supported the production of a video called Losing the Dark, which delineates a large number of the ideas talked about here. Its accessible free for download by anybody wishing to utilize it in their planetarium, homeroom, or auditorium.

Functions of Management Planning, Organizing, Staffing and More

Functions of Management â€" Planning, Organizing, Staffing and More Management is an aspect of the business that doesn’t have the same specific duties some of the other parts of the business have. While an accountant will always know quite clearly the expertise and responsibilities he or she has, a manager needs to have a much broader set of skills, with the tasks ranging depending on the business. Yet, management like all the other parts of the business have certain functions to guide the operations. © Shutterstock.com | rasscoIn this guide, we’ll talk about these functions, first by looking at the definition of management and then moving on to present popular theories regarding the functions of management. You’ll also be able to read about the five functions core functions â€" planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling â€" and why they are important and how you can achieve them with your management.DEFINING MANAGEMENTTo understand the functions of management, you must first examine what management is about. How do you define management?Management is a process with a social element. It requires the efficient use of resources combined with the guidance of people in order to reach a specific organizational objective. It involves responsibility to achieve the objectives and to fulfill specific organizational purposes through economical and effective planning and regulation. It’s about taking charge and ensuring focus is placed on the things and aspects of the b usiness that help achieve the vision and the goals.Three key characteristics define the process of management.First, management is a process of continuing and related activities. Each of the functions is related to each other and the functions complement each other. It is hard to consider the functions in isolation, as management requires each activity to complement one another. When you as a manager engage in one function, you in effect also start the process of another function.The second core characteristic of management is about it involving and concentrating on organizational goals. Management is largely focused on achieving the key mission of the organization, its vision. Whilst there are detailed objectives it might focus on, management is mainly interested in identifying the wider organizational goals and using the different functions in order to achieve the objectives. Each function takes the organization closer to achieving its vision.Finally, management achieves the organ izational goals by working with people and organization resources. You might use different financial resources or physical equipment as part of the process, while also directing and guiding the staff towards the objectives. The manager is in charge of supporting the people and connecting the right person with the right resources.In essence, management is about a dynamic process, with a number of elements and activities as part of the process. The dynamic and social element of management mean the functions of management are separate from operational functions. Whilst operational functions refer to activities and processes such as marketing, finances and purchases, the management functions differ depending on the organizational level at which they take place.The functions remain the same, yet are essentially different depending on the organizational hierarchy. A manager at the senior level will be involved in different activities than the manager at the junior level. The core concepts might be the same, but they are dynamic in manifestation. On the other hand, operational function of marketing will change according to the organization, the person in charge and the operational goals. For management functions, the objective of the specific activity remains largely the same, even though the manifestation might be different depending on the specific situation.Management functions are the same, but the management processes people use can differ. A management style or process can depend on the organization, the manager in question, and even the objectives. You’re likely to change management style if you are directing a single person or being in control of a team. You can find out more about management styles from the introductory clip below: THE FAMOUS THEORIES ON THE FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENTSince management involves solving the problems within an organization in order to reach the desired objectives, the focus is on understanding the functions that make up the proce ss. As experts began studying and theorizing the essence of management, different ideas and concepts regarding the functions were born.Although the theories about the functions of management lead to rather similar results, it can be helpful to study the differences as well as the historical journey to our current understanding of the functions. Here are a few of the most influential theories and theorists, who’ve outlined their ideas about the functions of management.Henri FayolHenri Fayol was the first to attempt classifying managerial activities into specific functions. The French engineer established the first principles of the classical management theory at the start of the last century. Fayol is considered the founding father of concepts such the line and staff organization. When Fayol developed his strategies and ideas, managers in organizations didn’t have any kind of formal training and therefore Fayol’s ideas were ground-breaking.As well as setting out 14 general prin ciples of management, Fayol also defined the five core functions of management, which are still used and which form the basis of much of the later theories. To Fayol, manages is a process, which includes forecasting, planning, organizing, commanding and controlling. These are the foundation of setting the relationship between the subordinates and the superior and the five core functions help the management to solve problems in the relationship or within the organization in a creative manner.George R. TerryAfter Fayol, many theorists have looked at the functions and crafter their own ideas, deviating only slightly from Fayol’s core functions. George R. Terry wrote a book Principles of Management in 1968 and outlined his view on the principles. Terry believed there to be four core functions, each function posing and responding to a specific question the management must solve. The question, the fundamental function and the resulting action are outlined in the below graph:The Question The FunctionThe ResultWhat is the need?PlanningObjectives, policies, procedures and methodsWhere should actions take place and who should do what work?OrganizingWork division, work assignment, and authority utilizationWhy and how should group members perform their tasks?ActuatingLeadership, communication, development, and incentivesAre the actions being performed according to plan?ControllingReports, comparisons, costs and budgetsHarold Koontz and Cyril O’DonnellIn 1976, Harold Koontz and Cyril O’Donnell published an essay Management: A Systems and Contingency Analysis of Managerial Functions. They felt the previous studies have been effective in describing the functions, but believed the division should be more detailed. Koontz and O’Donnell believed there to be five key functions of management:PlanningOrganizingStaffingDirecting/LeadingControllingThese five functions of management have become perhaps the most cited and they are explained further in the following section. Ove rall, the quick outlook would hopefully have highlighted the alignment of the functions of management in different management theories.THE FIVE FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENTWhile there are slight variations in how the functions are named and the different management theories might combine or divide certain functions into smaller chunks, the consensus points to five core functions. What do these functions entail, why are they important and how to utilize them?PlanningThe first managerial function involves planning. The function is about creating a detailed plan towards achieving a specific organizational objective. When you are planning, you are identifying the tasks, which are required to achieve the desired goals, outlining how the tasks should be performed, and identifying when and by whom they must be performed. The focus of planning is about achieving the objectives and it does require knowledge of the organizations objectives and vision. You will need to look both at the short- and l ong-term success of the organization as part of the plan.An example of planning would be a situation where you have an objective, such as increasing the sales by 20% in the following month. You will need to look at the different ways you and the team could achieve this goal. This might include things like creating a new advertisement campaign, reducing prices or speaking to customers about their shopping plans. Your role is to pick the processes that you find the most appropriate and to organize them into a logical pattern. You must also identify the timeline for these processes.As you might realize, planning is on on-going function. Management will regularly have to plan the future tasks and adjust the plans based on the organizational situation and the achievement of previous goals. Furthermore, it requires the whole organization to work together as the different departments or team plans need to link to each other and align with the organizational objective. Henri Fayol called th e function the most difficult to achieve! You need a lot of knowledge and flexibility in order to plan activities effectively.Why is planning essential?Why is planning important? Planning provides the organization a better sense of what it wants to achieve and how it can achieve this. You essentially have more focus when you plan for things. Think what would happen if you went into a big job interview without any planning.You might be OK, but you wouldn’t be able to focus on the details and it might take time for you conduct your answers. But if you plan for the interview, you now exactly the points you want to make, you have enough knowledge to respond to specific questions about the company and so on.In effect, planning ensures the proper utilization of the available resources and the ability to understand how these should be used in order to achieve the goal. In the example of the interview, the planning helps you take advantage of information on company websites, research inte rview questions and to then use this information to outline example answers.A key part of planning is also the vital role it plays in reducing risks. When management plans for the tasks ahead, they are looking at the situation and detailing the possible pitfalls ahead. As with your interview, the risk of not knowing anything about the company or giving an incoherent answer is higher than if you had planned your answers a little. How to plan?Planning is an intellectual activity that doesn’t always require a lot of visible labor and effort, as much of it is about thinking creatively about the issues at hand. When you need to come engage in planning, you should focus on the following steps:Gain knowledge of the issues â€" You need to understand the organizational objectives, the different components they involve, and the available resources you and the team have. You also need to be knowledgeable of the topic at hand. In terms of increasing sales, you need to have an understanding of how the sales industry works and what different methods can effectively boost company sales.Look into the future â€" The function is about understanding the short- and long-term objectives the organization wants to achieve. You need to consider not just these different elements, but also be able to make predictions about the future conditions for achieving these. Perhaps you have noticed changes in customer behavior due to the downturn in the economy. When you are planning, you need to take into account these little nuances.Determine the objectives â€" Once you are aware of the organizational objective, the resources available, and the future outlook to achieving the objectives, you need to identify the specific processes and detailed goals that are required to achieve the bigger goal. You might want to create a marketing campaign to increase sales, which requires the team to conduct market research and to come up with ideas. The more detailed objectives and processes you can set, the better the plan is.Create flexible structures â€" However, your planning needs to be flexible and take into account things don’t always go according to plan. Your management plan must take into account the other departments and their specific organizational goals. Perhaps the financial team has to cut down costs for the sales team and you need to be aware of the impact this would have on your new marketing campaign.OrganizingThe next function of management follows planning and it is about organizing. It’s about using the plan to bring together the physical, financial and other available resources and use them to achieve the organizational goal. If your task were to increase sales, you would look at the plan and determine how to divide the resources you have in order to put your plan in place.The marketing campaign would be handed out the Becky and you would provide them with the financial resources available and needed to give birth to the campaign. You would also need to en sure the team has access to the customer files in order to utilize vital information. You’d then direct Danny and his team to calculate the possible reductions you can make, help them have the resources to determine which products are best to discount and so on.You’d use the above plan and information about the resources you have or which you need, and arrange the resources to the right tasks. As the example shows, this can be about arranging the finances, ensuring the right equipment is used and appointing the personnel to the specific tasks.Your objective as the manager is to provide your team or department the resources it needs to turn the plan into reality. The organizing function is about the overall structure of the specific managerial level. You are creating the foundations to everyday operations by organizing the resources. This function is closely linked to the hierarchy of management.Depending on your management level, you will have different responsibilities and reso urces to organize. The top-level managers need to organize the teams below them, while the lower-level managers will be partly taking orders for effective organizing from the managers above. Organizing is a vital part of ensuring the company can function effectively and it concerns the day-to-day activities.Why is organizing essential?While it might be difficult to work without a plan, it can be impossible for an organization to function without organizing. The function is vital because it ensures there is structure to the operations. You are aware of the resources and you ensure they are used in a manner that best helps the company to achieve its targets.In terms of finances, organizing can guarantee you don’t waste money on functions that don’t provide the right results. If you don’t organize the right persons to do the right jobs, you might damage productivity. If you know Sarah is talented in accounting, you don’t want to put her in charge of marketing. By organizing the resources, you ensure operational efficiency and structure. The company’s day doesn’t start in chaos, with people trying to figure out what they are supposed to do. Organizing puts the plan in action.Without organizing, resources wouldn’t necessarily work towards the operational goals. While you might have the team still doing tasks, the tasks might not be the correct ones for the situation. Consider you are a manager of a team in a café. When you organize the team to perform the tasks required to boost coffee sales, you have each person working towards the goal. Jerry might be greeting customers and telling them about the new coffee flavour, while Dina and Jack are working to make the sale and the coffee as quickly as possible.If you hadn’t organized them, you might end up with a situation where Jerry is wiping the floors (although they are clean) and Dina is working alone at the counter.How to organize?When done efficiently, organizing tends to follow the pattern and ste ps outlined below:Identify activities and classify them â€" The step is straightforward enough because you already have a plan. Your objective is to identify the different roles, processes, and activities required to achieve the objectives. These would be the roles for the team members, the different tasks each role would need to perform and the specific processes the tasks would include.Assign the duties and resourcesâ€"Once you’ve identified the above, you would begin organizing the resources. You would assign the specific tasks for the persons you feel are the most qualified and provide the resources to the processes, which most need them.Delegate authority and create responsibilitiesâ€"Managers shouldn’t behave like dictators. Although the power is concentrated to your as the manager, it doesn’t mean you should have all the authority. In order the get the marketing campaign working properly, you might want to ensure the person in charge of the team has the authority to mak e decisions. You need devolution of responsibility, as it can ensure the plan works efficiently.Co-ordinate authority and responsibilitiesâ€"As well as delegating authority, you also need to co-ordinate it to match the overall functionality of the organization and the structure of the objectives. For example, you might want two people to share the responsibility of organizing the price reductions, with each having the ability to respond to supplier queries. Furthermore, if you have other managers above you, it’s important to co-ordinate the authority to ensure the functionality doesn’t suffer as a result of different plans.StaffingThe staffing function is an increasingly important function of management, although it is sometimes left out when the core functions are discussed. It can be seen closely related to organizing, with both focused on ensuring the resources are directed to the right processes and tasks. For staffing, the focus is on people and their labor in relation to t he organizational objectives.The function aims to ensure the organization always has the right people in the right positions and the organizational structure isn’t hindered by lack or excess of personnel. You would essentially be looking at the tasks ahead of you and determining who should do what and if you have the right manpower to achieve the objectives you want.In terms of hitting your sales targets, you would need to analyze if the current staff is capable of performing the tasks and whether you have enough employees to ensure the integrity of the organization. You might find the marketing team to be too small and consider hiring a temporary or even full-time worker.The reason staffing is included as a separate function and why it’s a crucial part of management is due to the changing nature of the workforce and the organization. Today’s companies are much more complex in terms of where and when they operate â€" companies aren’t confined between national boundaries anym ore. Technology has also had a huge impact on company structures, requiring new positions and destroying others.Whereas your car sales company might have mainly relied on face-to-face sales in the past, today you might also do business online, which would mean you need people for IT-specific roles and perhaps fewer salespersons. Management has also become more focused on the human behavioral aspect of leadership. Finding the right company fit, ensuring employees are satisfied, and guaranteeing emotional wellbeing as well as physical work safety have emphasized the importance of staffing as a function.Why is staffing essential?As the above showed, staffing’s importance as a core function of management has increased in the past few decades. But having the right amount of staff and the right people doing the required roles isn’t just crucial because of changing technology of enhanced focus on complex human behavior. Staffing is essential to guarantee the operational functionality o f the organization.If you don’t have the right amount of people working in your organization, you make achieving organizational goals harder. You might either be in a situation where you can’t increase the sales, as you don’t have the manpower to respond to company queries. On the other hand, you might be wasting resources by having too many employees with not enough tasks to perform. The numbers do matter.Staffing also guarantees the staff you have is qualified to perform the tasks and that they are adequately supported in those roles. This will further deepen the organizational efficiency, since people are motivated and qualified to work towards the common objective. You can’t hire a plumber if you are hoping to fix the roof. Furthermore, even the most qualified of employees need the occasional help and support. The staffing function helps create these development opportunities.How to staff?According to Koontz O’Donell, staffing “involves manning the organisation stru cture through proper and effective selection, appraisal and development of personnel to fill the roles designed on the structure”. It consists of a number of separate functions, which are:Manpower planning â€" You need to stay on top of staffing, as manpower requirements can change from season to season. Planning would see you make estimations of the number of employees you need, searching for the right kind of employees, and hiring the perfect employees to the roles in front of you.Recruitment, selection and placement â€" Another key function is the actual recruitment process, with its various steps.Training and development â€" Staffing also includes the creation of structures, which ensure the employees are always on top of the latest skills in the position and the industry. You should also consider training programs in terms of succession, as you need to ensure the next generation of managers and leaders is coming through your organization.Remuneration â€" A big part of the fun ction is the financial aspect. Staff remuneration is key in terms of attracting the right talent without damaging the organizations finances. If you aren’t offering a competitive remuneration package, the applicants will go to your competitors.Performance appraisal â€" You must also create structures of feedback within the organization. Feedback can play a crucial role in motivating and developing employees; with the reward structures ensuring good behavior is supported and noticed.Promotions and transfers of roles â€" Related to the above two points, promotions are essential for staffing operations. You can reward and motivate the staff by offering enough opportunities to climb up the career ladder. Creating structures for role transfers and promotions also ensure the talent and knowledge you’ve attracted doesn’t leave elsewhere. DirectingThe fourth function is known as directing, sometimes also referred to as the influencing or the leading function of management. Directing i s about the actuation of the methods to work efficiently to achieve the set organizational objectives. The function goes beyond organizing the employees to their specific roles and involves ensuring they are able to perform the tasks through a variety of means. Directing in essence is looking after productivity and ensuring productivity is going up instead of decreasing.The function delves deeper inside human interaction, making the manager motivate, communicate and inspire his or her personnel. At this stage, you are meeting and connecting with your employees to find out how the tasks are going. You would talk to them about the new marketing program, get their feedback on the project and spend time inspiring them with new ideas. The directing function is all about the day-to-day interaction between the management and the staff.The function of directing has strong links to things such as leadership. A good manager will be able to inspire the workforce to work towards the goals not b ecause they have to do it, but because they are driven to achieve these objectives. The manager’s role is not just about ensuring the workplace has the right resources and employees know what they are doing; it’s also important to create an environment of friendship. The manager wants to be someone who can encourage and motivate the personnel and not fear them into submission. With proper directing, you are able to set in motion the processes you’ve prepared with the above three functions.Why is directing essential?Directing has an important role in an organization as it helps strengthen the operational capability of the organization. It does so by ensuring the different parts of the organization are working better. Directing is a bridge between the operational needs and the human requirements of its employees. You essentially create a link between the necessity of turning in a profit, with the need of keeping employees motivated and interested. Since directing aims to improve productivity, you are strengthening how well the organisation succeeds.Research has pointed out how important human-focused management is in today’s organization. When objectives are approached from a human perspective that aims to ensure people’s opinions are listened to, the goals are met faster than in task-oriented environments. The management’s ability to listen to the workforce, support and inspire them will boost the productivity and profitability of the organization.If you listen to your team’s concerns and perhaps provide them inspiration with quotes, films or the occasional days out of the office, you can refresh their resolve to achieve the goal. If you just throw a blank paper in front of them and tell them to write a story, they are less likely to remain interested.How to direct?You can direct and lead your team by utilizing four key methods based on the findings of human behavioral studies. These are:Supervision â€" You need to oversee the work your employees are doing. The method requires watching and monitoring the performance, but also supporting and guiding the employees when things are not going as planned. You could use evaluation reports, examine the quality of work, and be present during certain parts, such as team meetings or when the person is talking to clients. In terms of support, you want to discuss the work and how it’s moving along. You also want to provide materials that can help the employee perform better.Communication â€" Directing is built around effective communication. As a manager, you need to create an environment that supports different communication methods from passing information to exchanging opinions. The important thing is to ensure these different communication channels are not just between manager and subordinate, but also between employees and different management levels.Motivation â€" As mentioned above, big part of directing is about inspiring and motivating your employees. You need them to get behi nd the objectives to ensure there is enthusiasm to achieve the goals. Motivating as a manager includes positive and negative feedback, provision of ideas and the opportunities to develop skills further. Directing might also have an element of monetary or non-monetary incentives, such as the introduction of bonuses.Leadership â€" Managers must essentially act more like leaders when directing the workforce. This means that you need to occasionally motivate and inspire by setting an example, instead of simply telling the subordinates what they need to do. You want to get hands on with the work and be part of the process of achieving the objectives. Although managers and leaders tend to differ, leadership skills are something a good manager should keep in mind.The function might seem rather complex and getting it right might be harder than any of the other functions of management. You should watch the video of Jim White, professor emeritus at North Lake College, explaining directing as a function and giving his take on what he thinks are the three key elements of directing: leading, motivating and communicating. ControllingThe final function of management is controlling. The function ensures the other four functions are followed correctly and the flow of work is moving the organization towards the objectives it has set itself. As Theo Haimann has put it, controlling is“the process of checking whether or not proper progress is being made towards the objectives and goals and acting if necessary, to correct any deviation“.In our example of having the objective to increase sales in a particular month, controlling would be the function that measures whether the sales are increasing and helps to correct the situation if the specified target is not getting closer. As a manager, you would examine the processes you set forward and take note whether they are enhancing your sales records. The marketing campaign’s effectiveness would be evaluated and measured. If you fi nd the price reductions being inefficient during the process, you might consider swapping the products on sale, reduce the reduction, or abort the discount campaign altogether as inefficient.Controlling requires you to examine the objectives in a measurable manner. You essentially need to set standards, which guarantee you know exactly what you want to achieve and what counts as success or failure. But controlling is also a function that due to the set of standards will ensure you have the ability to correct behaviors when they deviate from the standards. In essence, controlling is about quality monitoring. You are looking at the processes and ensuring they achieve the right things for the organization.Why is controlling essential?Controlling’s most important function is the risk-reduction ability. Since you are essentially monitoring the performance of the team and comparing it against the objectives you’ve set, you can react to problems more easily. Instead of realizing at the end of the month that you’ve missed your sales target by a huge margin, you can keep on eye on the situation during the process.If you notice the marketing campaign, for example, is not producing any new customers or leading to increased sales, you can re-tweak it to better attract customers. With the re-tweak, you might be able to change the campaign’s attractiveness and recover the situation. This could end up guaranteeing you meet the sales target at the end of the month.Even if you miss the target, you might not miss it by as much and you’ve at least had the chance of correcting the situation. With controlling, you are reducing the risk of failure and the impact of failing to meet your objectives. As mentioned, even if you happen to fail, you’re prepared for it and you can start analyzing the reasons behind it immediately.In the business world, measuring performance can be the difference between the successful and the failing companies. Think about a start-up. If the ma nagement doesn’t have a set of standards to measure its performance against, they don’t have any idea what success or failure looks like. Even when they have a set of objectives and they know whether they met them or not, they don’t have anymore information to go by.Let’s say they want to earn $100,000 in the first three months. Without standards and proper control, after three months all they know is whether they earned it or not. They won’t know the why. Was the success down to the product? Did the marketing help? How much did their social media strategy push sales? Was it all about the saving mechanisms they put in place? In the end, understanding the reasons behind success or failure will help the business perform better.How to control?For controlling to be effective, you need to take the four steps of this specific function of management:Establish standards of performance  â€" You first need to establish the standards of performance you are aiming for. These must be s et with the organizational objectives in mind. You look at the objectives and the plan you have set, creating a set of measurements that would tell you are on the right path. For example, let’s say you want the manufacturing team to make 10 more shoes every day to boost productivity. Your first measurement would be the team creating 10 shoes, but you could include other factors to the set of standards. You might look to reduce the downtime by ensuring problems are fixed within 30 minutes and add a new person in the chain to fasten the process by 10 minutes.Measure the actual performance â€" Once you’ve set the standards and you’ve set the new processes in motion, you can start monitoring the actual performance. The monitoring process will depend on your standards and the ease of measurement. Part of the process can be performance reviews, actual quantifiable data and so on. The key is to start collecting the information from the start.Compare the actual performance with the ex pected standards â€" As you receive performance data, you can start comparing it with the standards you’ve set. The comparison helps you to identify the problem areas or notice patterns that are actually working more efficiently.Take corrective action â€" With the data you’ve collected and the information you have about performance, you can take any necessary corrective action. If the recovery team is not repairing the machinery quick enough, you can look deeper into it and find ways to boost the performance. On the other hand, you might notice the team is producing more shoes than you expected, which could help you revise your objectives.FINAL THOUGHTSHenri Fayol developed his ideas regarding the functions of management and his theory has largely shaped the current understanding of the core elements any management would have to perform. The functions are key to management in all levels, from the entry positions to higher roles of management.Furthermore, each five functions â€" planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling â€" are linked to each other. In order to use one function, you typically need to follow with another or have established one beforehand. While certain theorists and experts might disagree whether there are three, four, five or six functions, the consensus agrees on the detailed representations of the above skills, processes and structures.The question is often more about how broadly you want to define each function. If one of the functions is missing, management is operating insufficiently and the organizational efficiency might suffer. A good manager has to be able to keep an eye on all of the five functions, often at the same time, to guarantee productivity and profitability.The functions of management are crucial to understand if you want to succeed as a manager. Knowing the above will guide you as a manager to focus on the right aspects when doing the job and give you confidence in your ability. It also helps provide mor e clarity in terms of the skills and characteristics you need to possess to be a good manager.By studying the above, you have hopefully identified the areas you need to develop and gain more knowledge. While your management style might differ from someone else’s style, the above functions will be necessary in order for you to do a good job as a manager. Since management is a crucial part of any organization, emphasis and proper understanding of the above functions will boost the company’s operational efficiency and therefore, its chances of success.

A Lifestyle That Slow or Prevent Alzheimer - Free Essay Example

Having Alzheimer disease causes problems with memories, thinking, and behavior. The symptoms usually develop slowly and get worse over time and it can become severe enough to interfere with daily tasks. It usually starts around 65 years of age, but the researchers said it is happening in younger age nowadays. Diet, exercise, less stress and sleep enough hours can help slow or prevent from developing Alzheimer disease. There is some kind of diet that can help prevent or slow the Alzheimer disease. Whole grains, at least 3 times a day like whole wheat, oats and brown rice. It is very important to eat some carbs because it is the food for your brain. Processed white flour is a no-no, and sweets and pastries are forbidden. Because if you eat a lot of process carbs it can impair memory. The research said by intaking so much fat or refined sugar it will affect the memory to inflame the hippocampus, part of the brain. That will produce the Alzheimer disease quick. Another good diet will be leafy green vegetables. The investigators found certain nutrients from the leafy green vegetable because it has vitamin K, folate and lutein. It has a large role to slower the brain aging. Wine is also good intake to slow the brain aging. Nuts, about a handful of unsalted almonds, hazelnuts or walnuts. It has high fibers, vitamins, and omega-3 fatty acid. That nutrition can help fight the inflammation. Fish, again, ome ga-3 is important nutrition for your brain. Be sure its wild catch because if it was farm-raised it can consume higher in contaminants. Berries are strongly recommended because it has a high antioxidant that can reduce the risk of Alzheimer disease. Olive oil, it is one of the good fats. It has fatty acids; antioxidants and it reduces inflammation. There are more options. Just be sure it does not contain high saturated fat, sugar, carbs, and processed food. Exercise is another important lifestyle for your brain. Studies show that who are physically active are less likely to experience a decline in their mental function and have a lowered risk of developing Alzheimers disease. Only need to do several times a week for 30 to 60 minutes. Aerobic exercise, like running, swimming, strength training, and weight lifting are best for the brain because it increases heart rate. If the heart rate increase it will pump more blood to the brain and when the blood goes to your brain, it will supply oxygen and nutrients it needs to function properly. The brain uses about three times as much oxygen as muscles in the body do. And the brain cells are very sensitive to decreases in oxygen levels and do not survive or function without it. So, the brain is a special cell that is called neurons. The process of the neurons gives us the ability to relearn most functions parts of the brain. If we have an injury or got sick, each of the cells in the brain teaches each other how to fight or heal. Finally, less stress is also an important role in your brain. Less stress has the power to enhance your memory and brain health. If you do not try reducing your stress, it will wear out your brains ability to function properly. Your body will produce more cortisol when you are in stress mode. Cortisol is a steroid hormone in the body. It is a very important role in helping the body respond to stress. Cortisol is supposed to only produce at the right level. It also helps reduce the inflammations to your brain. So, if you have a lot of stress it will force your cortisol to produce more than what it is supposed, and it will wear out your brain quicker.

Article Review- What Is the Right Supply Chain for Your...

Article Review- What is the right supply chain for your product? by Marshall L. Fisher What is the right supply chain for your product ? is the question asked by Marshall L. Fisher in his article titled, â€Å"What is the Right Supply Chain for Your Product ?† published in March-April 1997 issue of the Harvard Business Review. Author raises the question stating the fact that new ideas and technology implemented haven’t lead to improved performance. Performance has not become better but rather in at least some cases, has worsened due to costs rocketing to unprecedented levels. Based upon his ten years research on supply chain issues in diverse industries such as food, fashion, apparel and automobiles he devises a framework which will†¦show more content†¦These products usually depend on current fashion and life-style and tend to generate supply headaches because of the uncertain market reaction. Mr. Fischer states that although the distinctions between functional and innovative products are obvious, the fact that some products which are physically the same can be either functional or innovative, is the reason why many companies find it difficult to understand the exact nature of their product. Therefore to optimize the performance of your supply chain, the first thing you have to do, is to think carefully and decide in which category your product belongs. The author continues to describe the ideal strategy for Supply Chains. According to him there are two types of supply chains: efficient and responsive. Efficient chains are applied to functional products and responsive to innovative. Also a supply chain performs two different functions: physical function and market mediation function. Each of these two functions incurs costs. Physical costs are those of production, transportation and inventory storage. Market mediation costs arise when supplies do not match with the demand. Predictable demand of functional products makes physical costs much more crucial than market mediation costs. Stable production rate allows the companies to employ MRP software which organizes and supervises the ordering, production and delivery of supplies. AsShow MoreRelatedArticle Review- What Is the Right Supply Chain for Your Product?1179 Words   |  5 PagesArticle Review- What is the right supply chain for your product? by Marshall L. Fisher What is the right supply chain for your product ? is the question asked by Marshall L. Fisher in his article titled, â€Å"What is the Right Supply Chain for Your Product ?† published in March-April 1997 issue of the Harvard Business Review. Author raises the question stating the fact that new ideas and technology implemented haven’t lead to improved performance. 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